DIT Part-I Operating System Solved Paper 2026 - Windows 10 PCB Deadlock [1st Term]

TrickPk  Published on:   9/6/26

Also Read

Paper: Operating System - 1st Term Examination 2026 - DIT Part-I
Time Allowed: Part-A 20 Minutes, Part-B & C 02 Hrs & 40 Minutes | Total Marks: 75. Fully solved as per KPBTE standard from question paper.

Part-A Q1 a) Fill in the Blanks (05)

i Samsung, Oppo and VIVO users ______ OS

Answer: Android OS - Samsung uses OneUI, Oppo uses ColorOS, VIVO uses FuntouchOS, all are based on Android. Android is built on Linux kernel.

ii The process has ______ states.

Answer: Five (5) states - New, Ready, Running, Waiting/Blocked, Terminated. In some books 3 main states: Ready, Running, Blocked.

iii Files are stored in ______

Answer: Secondary Storage / Hard Disk / File System / Directories - Files are permanently stored on hard disk in folders/directories managed by File Management.

iv Single user and multi-users are the type of ______

Answer: Operating System / Operating System Types - Classification based on number of users: Single-user OS (MS-DOS) and Multi-user OS (Windows, Linux, Unix).

v The tablet mode is provided in ______

Answer: Windows 10 / Windows 10 and above - Tablet Mode makes Windows touch-friendly, Start menu becomes full screen.

Part-A Q1 b) Choose / Encircle Correct Answer (10)

i File system used in Windows 10?

Ans: d) NTFS - New Technology File System. FAT16/FAT32 are old, HFS is for Mac.

ii A deadlock is ______

Ans: a) Permanent blockage - Deadlock is a situation where two or more processes are permanently blocked, waiting for each other.

iii Operating System is the set of ______

Ans: b) Programs - OS is a collection of programs that manages hardware and software resources.

iv VGA / AGP card is used for processing of ______

Ans: b) Graphics - Video Graphics Array / Accelerated Graphics Port card processes and displays graphics/video.

v Microsoft Edge is the default of ______ in Windows 10

Ans: c) Web Browser - Default web browser in Windows 10/11, replaced Internet Explorer.

vi Hold a resource and wait for other is known as ______ state

Ans: a) Hold & Wait - One of the four necessary conditions for deadlock: Mutual Exclusion, Hold & Wait, No Preemption, Circular Wait.

vii Create and Delete file is responsibility of ______

Ans: c) File management - File Management module of OS handles file creation, deletion, access, storage.

viii Tablet and smart phone uses ______ OS

Ans: b) Android - Most tablets and smartphones use Android OS (based on Linux kernel).

ix Which technique is used to prevent deadlock?

Ans: d) All of these - Resource Ordering (Prevention), Avoidance (Banker's Algorithm), Deletion & Recovery (Detection) are all deadlock handling techniques. If strictly Prevention: Resource Ordering.

x Which process state is Not a valid state

Ans: d) Sleeping - Standard 5-state model: New, Ready, Running, Waiting/Blocked, Terminated. Zombie is a valid state in Unix/Linux (terminated but parent not read). Sleeping is not a standard textbook state, it's considered Waiting.

Part-B - Attempt any Six (05 Marks Each)

i Define hotspot and its benefits

Hotspot is a physical location where internet access is provided via Wi-Fi wireless network. A device like mobile or router creates a Wi-Fi network that other devices can connect to share internet. Benefits: Portable internet access, No wires needed, Multiple devices can connect simultaneously, Useful for travel, offices, public places, Easy to setup from smartphone.

ii Define PCB

PCB stands for Process Control Block. It is a data structure maintained by Operating System for each process. It contains important information about a process: Process ID, Process State (Ready, Running), Program Counter, CPU Registers, Memory Management info, I/O info, Accounting info. When process switches, OS saves its info in PCB.

iii What is dual desktop in Windows 10?

Dual Desktop feature in Windows 10 is actually Multiple Desktops / Virtual Desktops / Task View. It allows user to create multiple desktops and work on different projects. For example, one desktop for office work, one for personal browsing. Shortcut: Windows Key + Tab > New Desktop. It helps organize work and reduces clutter.

iv Define client and Server

Client: A computer or software that requests services or resources from another computer. Example: Web browser (Chrome) is client requesting webpage. Server: A powerful computer or software that provides services, data, or resources to clients. Example: Web Server (stores website), File Server, Database Server. Client = Requester, Server = Provider.

v What is control panel in Windows 10?

Control Panel is a collection of tools in Windows that allows user to manage system settings and hardware. It includes: Programs uninstall, User Accounts, Network & Internet, System & Security, Hardware & Sound, Appearance. In Windows 10 most functions moved to Settings app, but Control Panel still exists for advanced settings.

vi Define deadlock

Deadlock is a situation in Operating System where two or more processes are permanently blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for another resource held by another process. Example: Process A holds Printer and waits for Scanner, Process B holds Scanner and waits for Printer - both will wait forever. Four necessary conditions: Mutual Exclusion, Hold & Wait, No Preemption, Circular Wait.

vii Purpose of System Software

System Software is a set of programs that manages and controls hardware and provides platform for Application Software. Purpose: 1) Manage hardware resources (CPU, Memory, Disk), 2) Provide user interface, 3) Manage files and memory, 4) Provide security, 5) Allow application software to run. Examples: Operating System (Windows, Linux), Device Drivers, Utility Software.

viii Define thread in OS

A Thread is the smallest unit of execution within a process, also called Lightweight Process. A process can have multiple threads that share same memory and resources but run independently. Example: In MS Word, one thread handles typing, another checks spelling, another auto-saves. Threads improve performance and responsiveness through multitasking.

ix What is Scheduling?

Scheduling is the method by which Operating System decides which process will get CPU time and for how long. Since many processes want CPU, OS uses scheduling algorithms to manage them. Types: Long-term, Medium-term, Short-term scheduling. Common algorithms: FCFS (First Come First Serve), SJF (Shortest Job First), Round Robin, Priority Scheduling. Goal is to maximize CPU utilization and minimize waiting time.

x Define Real-time Operating System

Real-time Operating System (RTOS) is an OS that processes data and responds to events instantly within a strict time limit (deadline). It is used where time is critical. Types: Hard Real-time (must meet deadline, e.g., missile control, pacemaker) and Soft Real-time (can miss deadline sometimes, e.g., video streaming, online games). Examples: VxWorks, QNX, RTLinux.

Part-C - Attempt any Three (10 Marks Each)

Q3 Define OS. Differentiate CLI and GUI

Operating System: An Operating System is a system software that acts as an interface between user and hardware. It manages all hardware and software resources. Functions: Process Management, Memory Management, File Management, Device Management, Security.

Command Line Interface (CLI): User interacts by typing commands. Example: MS-DOS, Linux Terminal. Advantages: Fast for experts, uses less memory. Disadvantages: Difficult for beginners, need to remember commands.

Graphical User Interface (GUI): User interacts through graphical elements like windows, icons, buttons, mouse. Example: Windows 10, macOS, Android. Advantages: Easy to use, user-friendly, no need to remember commands. Disadvantages: Uses more memory, slower than CLI.
Modern OS like Windows provides both CLI (Command Prompt/PowerShell) and GUI.

Q4 Define Workgroup and File Permission

Workgroup: A Workgroup is a peer-to-peer network where computers are connected in LAN and share resources without a central server. Each computer has equal status and manages its own resources. Suitable for small offices (up to 10-20 computers). No central login, each computer has its own user accounts. Example: Windows Workgroup.

File Permission: File Permission defines who can access a file and what they can do with it. It provides security. In Windows, permissions are: Read (view file), Write (modify file), Execute (run file), Full Control (all rights). Permissions are given to Users/Groups to protect files from unauthorized access. Example: Only Administrator can delete system files.

Q5 How to create user in Windows 10 and assign Power User role?

Steps to Create User: 1) Open Settings > Accounts > Family & other users > Add someone else to this PC. 2) Click "I don't have this person's sign-in information" > Add a user without Microsoft account. 3) Enter username, password, security questions > Next. User created.

Alternatively: Control Panel > User Accounts > Manage another account > Add a new user.

Assign Power User Role: Power User is a legacy role (in Windows 10, it's more of Users/Standard User with extra rights). Steps: 1) Right-click This PC > Manage > Local Users and Groups > Users > Right-click new user > Properties > Member Of tab > Add > Type "Power Users" > OK. Or via Computer Management > Local Users and Groups > Groups > Power Users > Add user. Power User can install programs, manage system settings but cannot manage other users like Administrator.

Q6 File Management in OS

File Management is one of the main functions of OS that manages files and directories. Functions: 1) Create, Delete, Rename, Copy files and folders, 2) Organize files in directories/folders hierarchy, 3) Allocate storage space on hard disk, 4) Provide access control and file permissions, 5) File backup and recovery, 6) Maintain file attributes (name, size, type, date).
OS uses File System like NTFS, FAT32 to track where files are stored on disk. It provides interface like File Explorer in Windows. Good file management ensures data safety, quick access, and efficient use of disk space.

Q7 Define a) DHCP b) DNS c) Active Directory

a) DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol: DHCP is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network. Instead of manually setting IP, DHCP server gives IP, Subnet Mask, Gateway, DNS automatically when device connects. It saves time and avoids IP conflicts. Example: Your Wi-Fi router acts as DHCP server.

b) DNS - Domain Name System: DNS is like phonebook of internet. It translates human-readable domain names (www.google.com) into IP addresses (142.250.190.14) that computers understand. Without DNS, we would need to remember IP addresses. DNS server does this translation.

c) Active Directory (AD): Active Directory is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows Domain networks. It stores information about network objects like users, computers, printers and manages permissions and security centrally. Administrator can create users, set policies, control access from one server. Used in large organizations with Domain Controller.